Scott Fitzgerald

Keeping Violent Offenders Off Our Streets Act of 2025

This bill broadens the definition of the term business of insurance, for the purposes of federal crimes related to insurance fraud, to include the posting of monetary bail, criminal bail bonds, and federal immigration bail bonds.

Under the bill, entities and organizations that pay cash bond or bail for defendants (e.g., charitable bail funds) are engaged in the business of insurance under federal law and subject to federal criminal provisions related to insurance fraud, as well as state licensing requirements and regulation by state insurance commissions.

This resolution honors the victims of an attack during a Christmas parade in Waukesha, Wisconsin, on November 21, 2021.

NDO Fairness Act

This bill increases the requirements the government must meet to obtain a nondisclosure order (NDO) under the Stored Communications Act (SCA).

The SCA generally prohibits providers of remote computing services or electronic communication services (providers) from disclosing stored electronic communications or records (e.g., emails) or information pertaining to customers or subscribers. However, the SCA authorizes the government seek a warrant, order, or subpoena to compel providers to disclose electronic communications or records or information pertaining to customers or subscribers during an investigation. Providers may notify customers and subscribers of the warrant, order, or subpoena unless the government obtains a court order—an NDO—that delays the notification.

This bill raises the standard the government must meet to obtain (or extend) an NDO. The bill also requires the court, before issuing an NDO, to issue a written determination that the standard was met based on specific and articulable facts, and to review the underlying warrant, order, or subpoena.

The bill requires NDOs to be narrowly tailored. It also limits their duration to 90 days for most investigations, though it permits a duration of up to one year for investigations pertaining to an offense involving child pornography or sexual exploitation of children.

Finally, the bill requires the Department of Justice to report annually on data related to NDOs, including the number of customers or subscribers targeted; applications for orders; orders granted, extended, or denied; and orders targeting members of the media or conduct related to certain protected activities.

Combatting Money Laundering in Cyber Crime Act of 2025

This bill expands the investigative authority of the U.S. Secret Service, extends reporting requirements related to public-private information sharing, and requires the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to evaluate existing requirements to combat money laundering and related crimes.

Specifically, the bill authorizes the Secret Service to investigate money laundering and structured transactions (i.e., structuring currency transactions to evade currency reporting requirements).

Additionally, the bill extends the requirement for the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) to report on the efforts of the FinCEN Exchange. The FinCEN Exchange is a voluntary public-private information sharing partnership among law enforcement agencies, national security agencies, financial institutions, and FinCEN to combat money laundering and related crimes, including the financing of terrorism.

The bill also extends the requirement for the U.S. executive director at the International Monetary Fund to support the increased use of the fund's administrative budget to help members prevent money laundering and the financing of terrorism. The requirement expires on December 20, 2025.

Finally, the bill directs the GAO to report on implementation of provisions of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 that expanded information sharing with tribal authorities and expanded reporting requirements related to money laundering and terrorist financing. The GAO must focus on evaluating the ability of law enforcement to identify and deter money laundering in cybercrimes.

Bank Competition Modernization Act

This bill allows financial regulators to approve certain bank mergers without considering if the merger is noncompetitive or monopolistic.

Currently, regulators are prohibited from approving a bank acquisition, merger, or consolidation that would result in a monopoly, that would be in furtherance of a conspiracy or attempt to create a monopoly, the approval of which would substantially lessen competition, or that would otherwise restrain trade.

The bill prohibits regulators from considering these factors for mergers that would result in an entity with less than $10 billion in assets. This threshold must be adjusted annually to reflect increases in the U.S. nominal gross domestic product.

Stopping Teachers Unions from Damaging Education Needs Today Act or the STUDENT Act

This bill revises the federal charter for the National Education Association.

The bill specifies that the corporation and its state and local affiliates may only accept payment of membership dues or fees from a state or local government employee if the employee (1) has been notified of the employee's right under the First Amendment to refrain from membership and payment of associated dues or fees, (2) has clearly and affirmatively consented to membership and payment of associated dues or fees, and (3) has authorized the transmittal of membership dues or fees without the use of payroll deduction.

Further, the corporation and its state or local affiliates must process and honor cancellation requests for membership or payment of dues as soon as practicable following receipt of the request.

The bill also outlines requirements for the corporation, such as

• prohibiting the corporation or its directors or officers from contributing to, supporting, or participating in political activities;

• requiring each officer of the corporation to be a U.S. citizen;

• requiring the corporation to submit annual reports to Congress;

• prohibiting the corporation and its affiliates from requiring staff, officers, affiliates, or members to affirm, adopt, or adhere to certain principles related to race or sex; and

• prohibiting the corporation and its affiliates from calling or participating in a strike, work stoppage, or slowdown affecting a state or local government.

The bill repeals the corporation's exemption from District of Columbia property taxes.

Insurance Data Protection Act

This bill limits the ability of federal entities to compel insurance companies to share information.

Specifically, the bill eliminates the subpoena power of the Federal Insurance Office. Under current law, the office has the power to subpoena information from insurers to, among other purposes, identify issues that could contribute to a systemic crisis in the insurance industry or the U.S. financial system.

The bill also eliminates the ability of the Office of Financial Research to subpoena insurance companies.

When seeking to collect insurance company data under specified consumer protection laws, a financial regulator must obtain the data from other regulators or from publicly available sources if possible. Otherwise, the financial regulator may only collect this data directly from the insurance company if the regulator complies with the Paperwork Reduction Act.