Tariffs and trade

This joint resolution terminates the national emergency declared by President Donald J. Trump on April 2, 2025, which imposed a 10% tariff on most imports to the United States and additional duties on specified trading partners.

China Technology Transfer Control Act of 2025

This bill controls exports of certain national interest technology and intellectual property to China.

Specifically, covered technology or intellectual property includes items that (1) would contribute significantly to the Chinese military to the detriment of U.S. national security, (2) are included in a designated list of product components compiled by the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), or (3) are used by China to violate human rights or religious liberties.

The President must control exports to China of any covered technology or intellectual property. Further, the President must sanction (1) a foreign person who sells to China or purchases from China any covered item, and (2) a Chinese person who knowingly uses a covered item provided to them in violation of U.S. export control law.

The USTR must compile a list of certain products from China that that are subject to the bill because they either receive designated support from the Chinese government or are used by China to violate human rights or religious liberties. The bill requires the USTR to include products from certain industries (e.g., civil aircraft, artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and biotechnology) on the list.

This bill directs the President to impose additional duties (i.e., tariffs) on all imports entering the United States.

Specifically, the President must impose an additional 10% duty on all imports entering the United States.

Additionally, the bill directs the President to increase this duty on imported goods by an additional 5% if the United States has a deficit in the trade of goods and services generally for the immediately preceding calendar year. If the United States has a balance or surplus in the trade of goods and services, then the President must decrease the duty by 5% (except the imposed duty shall not be reduced below $0).

Stopping Adversarial Tariff Evasion Act

This bill expands the applicability of certain trade enforcement actions to goods from entities (e.g., businesses) that are owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary (i.e., China, Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba, and the Maduro regime of Venezuela). The bill applies to an entity for which, on any date during the most recent 12-month period, at least 25% of the equity interests in such entity are held directly or indirectly by one or more foreign adversary parties.

Currently, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative may take certain enforcement actions under trade agreements or in response to certain unfair foreign trade practices (Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974), and the President may take certain actions after a determination of import injury (Section 203 of the Trade Act of 1974) or to safeguard national security (Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962).

This bill applies these enforcement actions to any good that is produced, manufactured, or that underwent final assembly by a foreign adversary party or an entity owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary party, as if the good originated in the foreign adversary country. Therefore, these enforcement actions shall apply to goods from companies that are based in other countries and are tied to foreign adversaries. (For example, additional tariffs may be imposed on goods from a Chinese manufacturer that are produced in Vietnam.)