John Rose

Fair and Open Competition Act of 2025 or the FOCA Act of 2025

This bill requires that federal contracts for construction projects neither require nor prohibit a bidder, offeror, contractor, or subcontractor from entering into agreements with one or more labor organizations with respect to such projects or related projects.

Under the bill, the controlling documents for federal construction contracts (such as bid specifications and project agreements) may not require or prohibit a bidder, offeror, contractor, or subcontractor from entering into or adhering to such labor agreements. Additionally, the controlling documents may not discriminate against or give preference to a bidder, offeror, contractor, or subcontractor who signs or refuses to sign such a labor agreement.

These requirements also apply to any (1) construction manager acting on behalf of the federal government with respect to such contract, (2) recipient of a federal grant or financial assistance for construction projects or construction manager acting on the recipient's behalf, and (3) party to a federal cooperative agreement for construction projects or construction managers acting on the party's behalf.

An agency may exempt a project from this prohibition to avert an imminent threat to public health or safety or to serve the national security.

This bill increases the annual limit on the tax credit for qualified railroad track maintenance expenses (also referred to as the short line railroad tax credit) and expands eligibility for claiming the credit.

Under current law, the tax credit is limited each tax year to $3,500 multiplied by the sum of the number of miles of railroad track owned or leased by the taxpayer (miles owned or leased) and the number of railroad track miles assigned to the taxpayer by a Class II or III railroad (miles assigned). This bill increases the annual limit to $6,100 multiplied by the sum of miles owned or leased and miles assigned. The $6,100 amount used in the calculation of the tax credit limit is adjusted for inflation for tax years beginning after 2025.

The bill also expands eligibility for the tax credit to include gross expenses for maintaining railroad tracks owned or leased as of January 1, 2024. Under current law, the tax credit is limited to gross expenses for maintaining railroad tracks owned or leased as of January 1, 2015.

Reporting Accountability and Abuse Prevention Act of 2026

This bill requires recipients of grants for family planning services to demonstrate their compliance with state and local laws that mandate reporting of child abuse, human trafficking, or other mistreatment.

If a grantee does not comply, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must first work with the grantee to remedy violations. For subsequent violations, the bill directs HHS to recoup funds received by the grantee. It also bars the grantee from receiving family planning funds for 36 months.

Main Street Capital Access Act or the Main Street Act

This bill lessens and otherwise modifies banking regulations, including those regarding institution formation, supervision by federal financial regulators, and bank merger requirements.

Under the bill, new banks have a three-year phase-in period to meet certain capital requirements. The bill also reduces the leverage ratio for certain rural community banks.

Financial regulators must (1) tailor regulatory actions to limit burdens on financial institutions and must consider the institutions' risk profiles and business models, and (2) review their regulations more frequently and expand the scope of these reviews.

The bill eases requirements regarding bank mergers, for example, by allowing financial regulators to approve certain bank mergers without considering if the merger is noncompetitive or monopolistic.

The bill increases the dollar asset thresholds for various fees, reporting requirements, and other regulatory requirements so that more financial companies and banks are exempt from these requirements. For example, the bill increases the total asset threshold above which financial holding companies need Federal Reserve Board approval to acquire a company, thereby allowing for more acquisitions without board approval. The bill also raises certain asset thresholds so as to allow additional small bank holding companies to operate with higher debt levels and additional small banks to qualify for a longer examination cycle.

The bill also provides flexibilities regarding the use of reciprocal deposits, the resolution of failed banks, and other regulated activities.

No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion and Abortion Insurance Full Disclosure Act of 2025

This bill modifies provisions relating to federal funding for, and health insurance coverage of, abortions.

Specifically, the bill prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions or for health coverage that includes abortions. Such restrictions extend to the use of funds in the budget of the District of Columbia. Additionally, abortions may not be provided in a federal health care facility or by a federal employee.

Historically, language has been included in annual appropriations bills for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions—such language is commonly referred to as the Hyde Amendment. Similar language is also frequently included in appropriations bills for other federal agencies and the District of Columbia. The bill makes these restrictions permanent and extends the restrictions to all federal funds (rather than specific agencies).

The bill's restrictions regarding the use of federal funds do not apply in cases of rape, incest, or where a physical disorder, injury, or illness endangers a woman's life unless an abortion is performed. The Hyde Amendment provides the same exceptions.

The bill also prohibits qualified health plans from including coverage for abortions. Currently, qualified health plans may cover abortion, but the portion of the premium attributable to abortion coverage is not eligible for subsidies.

This bill designates the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 417 West 7th Street in Columbia, Tennessee, as the "Pharmacist's Mate First Class John Harlan Willis Post Office Building".

Least Cost Exception Act

This bill allows the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to waive the least-cost resolution requirement for failed insured depository institutions and use alternative methods of resolution, particularly alternatives that do not involve global systemically important banks (G-SIBs).

Under current law, the FDIC must use the resolution method (such as a deposit payoff or the purchase and assumption of a bank’s assets and liabilities) that costs the FDIC's Deposit Insurance Fund the least to implement when an insured depository institution fails.

The bill provides an exception to this requirement if the following criteria are met:

• the alternative method is the least costly of all alternatives that do not involve a G-SIB and that do not exceed the cost of liquidation;

• the difference in cost between the selected alternative and the cost of a resolution involving a purchase and assumption by a G-SIB is less than a maximum cost as established by rule;

• if the alternative involves a person purchasing assets or assuming liabilities, that person must pay an assessment to the FDIC; and

• it is determined that the risks to the fund are outweighed by the benefits of limiting the concentration of U.S. banking under G-SIBs.

FDIC must issue a report on any use of the exception established by this bill containing an analysis of the economic impact of cost differences between the selected alternative and the least-cost alternative.

Rural Depositories Revitalization Study Act

This bill requires federal banking agencies to study and report on approaches to support rural depository institutions.

Specifically, the Federal Reserve Board, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation must jointly (1) study and report on methods to improve the growth, capital adequacy, and profitability of rural depository institutions; and (2) identify statutes and regulations that limit such methods or prevent the establishment of new rural depository institutions.

Whistleblower Protection Act of 2025

This bill expands existing whistleblower protections for employees of federal contractors or grant recipients to apply to all contracts and grants funded by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) regardless of the date of execution.

Current law protects employees of federal contractors or grant recipients from a reprisal (i.e., discharge, demotion, or discrimination) for disclosing evidence to Congress or another appropriate official of certain misconduct involving federal contracts, grants, or funds. This provision currently applies only to contracts and grants signed or modified after the law took effect in 2013. The bill expands these protections to apply to HUD contracts and grants signed before the law was enacted.

761st Tank Battalion Congressional Gold Medal Act

This bill provides for the award of a Congressional Gold Medal to the 761st Tank Battalion in recognition of their role in the success of Allied forces in Europe during World War II and for the example they set as the first Black soldiers to go to war as part of an American armored unit.

Following the award of the gold medal, the gold medal shall be given to the National Museum of African American History and Culture where it shall be available for display and research.